Ed 602 Final Exam

Enter your name and student ID# in the spaces below. Then follow the directions below to respond to all items in this final activity. After finishing the exam, click the submit button at the bottom of the page, your responses will be evaluated by your instructor and results returned to you by electronic mail.

Name:

Student ID# (or SSN):

Part I: Questions about research problems in statistical analysis.

DIRECTIONS: For each of the following problems, state the null hypothesis, the alternative hypothesis, the calculated value of the statistic, the conditions under which you would reject the null hypothesis, and the decision statement. You can of course use your notes, online web pages, text, and computer running Microsoft Excel or a hand held calculator to find the correct solutions to all problems. You do not have to show your work. Just record the answers or solutions that are asked for on this form. You may make the following substitutions in your answers if necessary.

Use not equal for the not equal to symbol,

Use mu1 for the group 1 mean symbol,

Use mu2 for the group 2 mean symbol,

Use H0 for the null hypothesis symbol, H0.

Use H1 for the alternative hypothesis symbol, H1.

Use <= for the less than or equal to symbol,

Use >= for the greater than or equal to symbol,

Use X2 for the chi-square symbol,

Use rs for the Spearman rank-difference correlation symbol, rS.

  1. A major airline is considering eliminating the first class section on its airplanes. To determine how this move would be accepted, the airline asked a number of people across the country their opinion about eliminating the first class section. All people sampled had previously booked a flight with the airline. These people were also asked how many times they fly during the year. Using the data below, determine whether a person's opinion is independent of how frequently the person flies.

    Flying Frequencies by Opinion for Airline Passengers Sampled
    Opinion Flying Frequency

    		Frequent Moderate Little
    Yes 206 167 181
    No 198 151 230

    1. H0:

    2. H1:

    3. =

    4. State conditions under which you would reject H0

    5. Indicate the decision statement for this problem:

  2. Job satisfaction as a function of work schedule was investigated in two different factories. In the first factory the employees are on a fixed shift system, while in the second factory the workers have a rotating shift system. Under the fixed shift system, a worker always works the same shift, while under the rotating shift system a worker rotates through the three shifts. Using the scores below determine whether there is a significant difference in job satisfaction between the two groups of workers.

    Job Satisfaction Scores for Two Groups of Workers
    Fixed Shift Rotating Shift
    79 63
    83 71
    68 46
    59 57
    81 53
    76 46
    80 57
    74 76
    58 52
    49 68
    68 73

    1. H0:

    2. H1:

    3. t =

    4. State conditions under which you would reject H0

    5. Indicate the decision statement for this problem:

  3. Below are the semester GPAs and the number of semester hours completed during the semester for a sample of psychology majors. Is there a significant positive correlation between these two variables?

    GPA and Semester Hours Completed for 15 Psychology Majors
    GPA Semester Hours
    Completed
    2.23 13
    2.40 20
    3.00 15
    3.23 13
    3.29 17
    2.60 15
    3.00 12
    3.81 16
    2.13 15
    2.62 19
    2.56 16
    3.47 17
    3.40 15
    1.96 12
    2.50 16

    1. H0:

    2. H1:

    3. r =

    4. State conditions under which you would reject H0

    5. Indicate the decision statement for this problem:

  4. The University of Minnesota, Crookston Campus, has instituted a required personal computer policy. Incoming freshman are required to buy a Macintosh, IBM, or DEC personal computer. The first 100 students purchased the following computers. Using the results below, determine whether there is a significant preference for any of the three computer brands.

    Frequency for Buying Three Brands of Computers by 100 Students
    Computer Number Purchasing
    Macintosh 41
    IBM 38
    DEC 21

    1. H0:

    2. H1:

    3. =

    4. State conditions under which you would reject H0

    5. Indicate the decision statement for this problem:

  5. The Omnibus Personality Inventory was used to measure the intellectual disposition of three groups of students. Group 1 was composed of student government leaders, group 2 was composed of athletes, and group 3 was composed of part-time students. Analyze the data below to determine whether there is a significant difference between the three groups.

    Omnibus Personality Inventory Scores for Three Groups of Students
    Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
    3 5 7
    8 2 3
    3 7 8
    1 3 6
    6 8 9
    2
    		10
    9

    3

    1. H0:

    2. H1:

    3. F =

    4. State conditions under which you would reject H0

    5. Indicate the decision statement for this problem:

  6. The influence of music on video game playing was investigated using a repeated-measures design. First, 10 subjects were asked to play a video game with no music present. Several days later the same subjects played the video game while listening to a recording of rock music. The dependent measure was the subjects' score in the video game. Using the data below, determine whether music significantly influenced the subjects' video game performance.

    Video Game Scores for 14 Students With and Without Music
    No Music Music
    1027 1132
    1083 1123
    1235 1098
    1121 1154
    1112 1183
    1007 913
    1219 1040
    1038 1070
    1066 1061
    1065 1042
    1059 1050
    1078 1091
    1059 1056
    976 992

    1. H0:

    2. H1:

    3. t =

    4. State conditions under which you would reject H0

    5. Indicate the decision statement for this problem:

  7. Ten pictures are evaluated by two different judges. Based upon each judge's evaluation, the pictures are ranked from 1 to 10. Is there a significant positive correlation between the ranking of the two judges?.

    Ranking of Pictures by Two Judges
    Picture Judge 1 Judge 2
    1 5 6
    2 8 5
    3 2 1
    4 10 7
    5 1 3
    6 6 10
    7 9 8
    8 3 2
    9 7 9
    10 4 4

    1. H0:

    2. H1:

    3. rS =

    4. State conditions under which you would reject H0

    5. Indicate the decision statement for this problem:

Part II: Multiple Choice Questions

Directions: For each of the following multiple-choice questions, select the single best response to each items.

  1. The symbol for the alternative hypothesis is
    1. H0
    2. H1
    3. H0
    4. H1

  2. In rejecting the null hypothesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis we are saying that the independent variable did not have an effect in determining the values of the dependent variable.
    1. true
    2. false

  3. The probability of making a type I error (rejecting the hypothesis when it was in fact true) is
    3. 1 -

  4. The power of a test, the probability of correctly rejecting the hypothesis when it is in fact false, is
    3. 1 -

  5. What is the relationship between Type I errors and Type II errors?
    1. the greater the likelihood of making a type I error the greater the likelihood of making a type II error.
    2. the greater the likelihood of making a type I error the less the likelihood of making a type II error.

  6. Scores on the quantitative graduate record examination (GRE) and scores on the verbal graduate record examination (GRE) are collected for a group of graduate students in order to determine if there is a significant positive relationship between quantitative GRE scores and verbal GRE scores. What is the correct statistical test to use?
    1. chi-square
    2. Pearson r
    3. Spearman rS
    4. independent t test
    5. dependent t test

  7. A school psycholoist is interested in the relationship between a child's intelligence and creativity. To investigate this problem the psychologist samples some children and administers a standard intelligence test and then ranks each of the children on the basis of an informal measure of creativity. What is the correct statistical test to use?
    1. chi-square
    2. Pearson r
    3. Spearman rS
    4. independent t test
    5. dependent t test

  8. The following problem, "Is there any relationship between the use of alcohol and flying proficiency among pilots?", was investigated using two groups of airline pilots. One group was asked to "fly" a simulator through a normal landing without being under the influence of alchhol, while a second group of pilots flew the same simulated landing after drinking one pitcher of beer at the Speakeasy? (scores supplied) What is the correct statistical test to use?
    1. chi-square
    2. Pearson r
    3. Spearman rS
    4. independent t test
    5. dependent t test

  9. For the previous problem, investigating the use of alcohol and flying proficiency among pilots, which of the following is the correct statement of the decision statement, with an alpha of .05? (Assume that the stated values from the table of the t distribution are correct.)
    1. reject H0 if t >= 1.725
    2. reject H0 if t <= -1.725
    3. reject H0 if t >= 2.086 or t <= -2.086

  10. For the previous problem, investigating the use of alcohol and flying proficiency among pilots, what is the degrees of freedom (df)?
    1. N
    2. N - 1
    3. N - 2
    4. n1 + n2 - 2

  11. What symbol is used to represent the statistic, the independent t-score?
    1. r
    2. F
    3. rS
    4. t

  12. What symbol is used to represent the statistic, chi-square?
    1. r
    2. F
    3. rS
    4. t

  13. What symbol is used to represent the statistic, the Spearman rank-difference correlation coefficient?
    1. r
    2. F
    3. rS
    4. t

  14. What symbol is used to represent the statistic, the dependent t-score?
    1. r
    2. F
    3. rS
    4. t

  15. What symbol is used to represent the statistic, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient?
    1. r
    2. F
    3. rS
    4. t

    The next three items, are based on the following case:

    An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of knowledge of results on performance in mathematics for fifth grade pupils. Randomly selected fifth grade pupis were placed in three experimental groups. Group 1 was given immediate feedback on the correctness of their answers by class monitors as they completed math problems. Group 2 was directed to work all problems in the assignment and then check their answers with correct solutions posted in the rear of the room. Group 3 was directed to turn their completed problems in to the teacher who would correct them and return the results to the student. After four weeks of the program, a mathematics test is administered to all the students and the results of the three groups are compared. The researcher is asking the question - Does the type of knowledge of results have an effect on the mathematics achievement of fifth grade pupils.

  16. What is the null hypothesis for this case?
    1. =
    2. = =
    3. O = E
    4. r = 0

  17. What is the alternate hypothesis for this case?
    1. <=
    2. >=
    4. not H0
    5. O E

  18. Which statistic should be used to test the hypothesis?
    1. chi-square
    2. dependent t
    3. independent t
    4. F ratio
    5. Pearson r
    6. Spearman rS

    The next three items, are based on the following case:

    An educator is investigating the effect of teaching vocabulary knowledge on tested intelligence among junior high school students. Forty students are randomly selected and randomly assigned to two groups. Group1 receives twenty minutes per day (Monday through Friday) of intensive vocabulary instruction. Group 2 (the comparison group) is given twenty minutes of spelling instruction per day. After nine weeks a group intelligence test is administered to all pupils and the results for the two groups are compared. The researcher is asking the question - Does vocabulary instruction significantly increase intelligence test scores?

  19. What is the null hypothesis for this case?
    1. =
    2. = =
    3. O = E
    4. r = 0

  20. What is the alternate hypothesis for this case?
    1. <=
    2. >=
    4. not H0
    5. O E

  21. Which statistic should be used to test the hypothesis?
    1. chi-square
    2. dependent t
    3. independent t
    4. F ratio
    5. Pearson r
    6. Spearman rS

    The next three items, are based on the following case:

    The Lommen Hall pop machine has 4 diet sodas and 4 non-diet sodas available for purchase. The vendor observes students as they purchase drinks and keeps track of whether each drink buyer is a male or a female and whether each purchase is a diet drink or a non-diet drink. The vendor wishes to investigate if males and females differ significantly in buying diet versus non-diet drinks.

  22. What is the null hypothesis for this case?
    1. =
    2. = =
    3. O = E
    4. r = 0

  23. What is the alternate hypothesis for this case?
    1. <=
    2. >=
    4. not H0
    5. O E

  24. Which statistic should be used to test the hypothesis?
    1. chi-square
    2. dependent t
    3. independent t
    4. F ratio
    5. Pearson r
    6. Spearman rS

  25. Which two dimensions play the most important role in determining which statistic should be used to test a statistical hypothesis for a given research problem?
    1. the availability of computational aides (computer program) and the number of groups of subjects
    2. the availability of computational aides (computer program) and the level of measurement of the dependent variable
    3. the number of groups of subjects and the level of measurement for the dependent variable
    4. the level of measurement for the independent variable and the level of measurement for the dependent variable

After answering all questions, press .