ANTH 307/ Ecological Anthropology
Final Exam Review Sheet
Spring 2007/Minnesota State University Moorhead
Dr. Roberts

Yes ladies and gents, the final is cumulative. The first part (up to 50 points) will cover material up to the mid-term. Look back at your notes on theory, foraging, horticulture, pastoralism, and intensive agriculture as well as the material on theory.

The second part (up to 100 points) will cover material since the midterm - lectures, Bates' chapters 7 and 8, on-line readings, and the videos shown in class. These videos were important and I did not show them to waste time, so please don't "misunderestimate" them (in a Bushian sense). They include: My Father's Garden (March 21) ; Not For Sale and Field of Genes (March 28); After the Hunt (April 4); Vision Man (April 18); and finally The Shaman's Apprentice (April 25). You'll find that I have links for most of these on the course web-site. In some cases the descriptions are more elaborate than others. 

• Readings: Bates Chapter 7 and Going to Market: The Cost of Industrialized Agriculture.  
• Video: My Father's Garden.
• What is the demographic transition and what's for food production?
• In what ways did the industrial revolution contribute to greater intensification of food production?
• What were the Green and Blue Revolutions? Were they without costs?
• What happened to the centralized administrative system developed in China in the 20^th century and why?
• Generally speaking, what happens to people when agriculture becomes mechanized and agricultural products and labor become devalued in relation to other commodities?
• Why is the case of Wasco, California illustrative of the development of agribusiness in the United States.
• What kinds of differences did Sonya Salamon find between German and "Yankee" immigrant farmers in the Midwest?
• What did Creed's study of Zamfirovo reveal about the effects of collective agriculture in Bulgaria?
• How and why do Fred Kischenmann's farming practices differ from those of his neighbors who continue to adhere to "conventional" agricultural practices?

• Reading: The World's Crop Genetic Resources and the Rights of Indigenous Farmer, David Cleveland and Stephen Murray.
• Videos: Not For Sale; Field of Genes.
• How and why are corporations trying to patent crop genetic resources that indigenous peoples have utilized for millennia?
• What can/should anthropologists do about this?

• Reading: Bates Chapter 8.
• Video: Vision Man.  
• Over the course of human cultural evolution, what kinds of things have occurred during long-term culture change? Try to understand the reasons for these related trends (i.e., do not just memorize and regurgitate them!)
• What are the differing assumptions of the modernization and dependency paradigms of development?
• What happened during and after the rapid entry of women into the industrial workforce in the cases of Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, and Cuba?
• What is cyberculture and what effect is it having upon cross-cultural diversity?
• What are the various ecological consequences of postindustrialism that Bates discusses?
• What are some of the critical contributions that have been made by development anthropologists?
• What does Bates say about those anthropologists who consider it unethical to interfere directly in peoples' lives by participating in development projects?

• Reading: Conservation and Controversy in the Karakoram: Khunjerab National Park, Pakistan, Are Knudsen.
• Video: After the Hunt.
• Whose interests were represented in the creation of the Khunjerab National Park, Pakistan and how could the process have been handled better?
• What are the two basic approaches to conservation we talked about in class?
• Which type is represented in the video on the CAMPFIRE project in Zimbabwe.

• Reading: The Development of Indigenous Knowledge: A New Applied Anthropology, Paul Sillitoe
• Who are the stakeholders involved in the utilization of indigenous knowledge in development?
• For Sillitoe, what role can/should anthropologists play in this process? What happens if we don't get involved?
• What is development and what is meant by the term sustainable development?

• Read: An Anthropological Approach to the Evaluation of Preschool Children Exposed to Pesticides in Mexico, Elizabeth A. Guillette et al.
• Video: The Shaman's Apprentice. 
• What is applied anthropology and how does the field of medical ecology illustrate it?
• What did I mean by the concept of diseases of development and how do schistosomiasis and malaria illustrate them?
• How does Elizabeth Guilette's study of the effects of pesticide use illustrate the potential of applied anthropology?