Livingston Lord Library

Northwest Minnesota Historical Center

HTML clipboard Mining Frontier [related links]

E. W. Davis, Pioneering with Taconite (1964) -- a good account of how the taconite mining industry was developed, written by one of the early developers.

David l. Fritz, Gold Mining Near Rainy Lake City from 1893 to 1901 (1986) -- although hard to find, this short history by the National Park Service tells the story of the gold mining that occurred in the northeast lake region in what is now Voyageurs National Park.

Michael Karni, ed., Entrepreneurs and Immigrants: Life on the Industrial Frontier of Northeastern Minnesota (1991) -- contains some nice details on how early miners lived in the iron range.

Paul H. Landis, Three Iron Mining Towns (1970) -- reprint of a 1938 study of the growth of three towns on the Mesabi range -Hibbing, Virginia, and Eveleth.

David A. Walker, Iron Frontier: The Discovery and Early Development of Minnesota's Three Ranges (1979) -- solid study of iron mining in Minnesota from its origins to its impact on American industry.

Freemont P. Wirth, The Discovery and Exploitation of the Minnesota Iron Lands (1937) -- older, but still good study of how the iron range mines developed from land grants and land claims.